PEDIATRICS
Advantages of Subunit Influenza Vaccine: An Overall Perspective
August 04, 2018 | Raju Shah, Suhas Prabhu
Influenza, a contagious respiratory infection, is caused by influenza virus A, B and C in humans. Chills, fever, headache, myalgia,
fatigue and respiratory discomfort are the most commonly observed symptoms, whereas progression of illness may result
in bronchitis, pneumonia, secondary bacterial infections, acute respiratory distress, cardiovascular diseases and even death.
Management of influenza involves high treatment costs and functional losses. Therefore, immunization against influenza is the
best method to prevent it. Seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) formulations, i.e., whole inactivated virus (WIV) vaccines,
“detergent”-split vaccines (SIV) and subunit vaccines (SUV), use inactivated influenza antigens. There are live attenuated
influenza viruses vaccines also available, which we will not be discussed in this article. Administration of WIV vaccines leads to
an increased rate of and more severe adverse reactions; therefore, less reactogenic forms of influenza vaccine, SIV and SUV are
preferably being used. The present review compares SUV and SIV in terms of tolerability, and reactogenicity. Furthermore, the
immunizing and reactogenicity profile of SUV in high-risk subgroups of the populations (children, elderly, pregnant women,
liver transplant patients, asthmatics, diabetics and nursing home residents) has also been discussed.